Sunday, November 18, 2007

Exodus 37-38



  1. The Sacrifice of the Lamb

  2. The Brazen Altar of Burnt Offerings

  3. The Laver

  4. The Golden Candlestick (Menorah)

  5. The Holy place

  6. The Golden Altar of Incense

  7. The Table of Showbread

  8. The Ark of the Testimony of God containing the 10 commandments

  9. The Holy of Holies


   Everything mentioned in chapters 37 and 38 has been covered from a different perspective in previous chapters in Exodus. The two articles of furniture in the outer court were the brazen altar and the laver. When you stepped inside the Holy Place, there were THREE articles of furniture: the golden lampstand, the table of showbread and the altar of incense. In the Holy of Holies was the ark of the covenant and the mercy seat. There were THREE compartments to the tabernacle and THREE entrances to the tabernacle.


   The brazen altar speaks of the Cross of Christ where we receive forgiveness of sin. The laver or washbasin speaks of the fact that Christ washes or cleanses those who are His own. The laver or washbasin is where we confess our sins and receive His forgiveness and cleansing.


   The Holy Place is the place of worship. In it is the golden lampstand typifying Christ, the Light of the World. The table of showbread is a pictures of Jesus as the Bread of Life . The altar of incense is the place of prayer. It speaks of the fact that Christ is our Intercessor.

Hebrews 9:2: There were two rooms in that Tabernacle. In the first room were a lampstand, a table, and sacred loaves of bread on the table. This room was called the Holy Place.


   The Holy of Holies pictures Jesus Christ in the presence of God. In Hebrews 4:16, we are told to come "boldly" to the throne of grace. The mercy seat pictures this, and this is where we find grace to help and mercy in time of need. There is a mercy seat for believers in heaven.

Hebrews 4:16: So let us come boldly to the throne of our gracious God. There we will receive his mercy, and we will find grace to help us when we need it most.


Hebrews 9 (New Living Translation):

   That first covenant between God and Israel had regulations for worship and a place of worship here on earth. There were two rooms in that Tabernacle. In the first room were a lampstand, a table, and sacred loaves of bread on the table. This room was called the Holy Place. Then there was a curtain, and behind the curtain was the second room called the Most Holy Place. In that room were a gold incense altar and a wooden chest called the Ark of the Covenant, which was covered with gold on all sides. Inside the Ark were a gold jar containing manna, Aaron’s staff that sprouted leaves, and the stone tablets of the covenant. Above the Ark were the cherubim of divine glory, whose wings stretched out over the Ark’s cover, the place of atonement. But we cannot explain these things in detail now. When these things were all in place, the priests regularly entered the first room as they performed their religious duties. But only the high priest ever entered the Most Holy Place, and only once a year. And he always offered blood for his own sins and for the sins the people had committed in ignorance. By these regulations the Holy Spirit revealed that the entrance to the Most Holy Place was not freely open as long as the Tabernacle and the system it represented were still in use. This is an illustration pointing to the present time. For the gifts and sacrifices that the priests offer are not able to cleanse the consciences of the people who bring them. For that old system deals only with food and drink and various cleansing ceremonies—physical regulations that were in effect only until a better system could be established. So Christ has now become the High Priest over all the good things that have come. He has entered that greater, more perfect Tabernacle in heaven, which was not made by human hands and is not part of this created world. With his own blood—not the blood of goats and calves—he entered the Most Holy Place once for all time and secured our redemption forever. Under the old system, the blood of goats and bulls and the ashes of a young cow could cleanse people’s bodies from ceremonial impurity. Just think how much more the blood of Christ will purify our consciences from sinful deeds so that we can worship the living God. For by the power of the eternal Spirit, Christ offered himself to God as a perfect sacrifice for our sins. That is why he is the one who mediates a new covenant between God and people, so that all who are called can receive the eternal inheritance God has promised them. For Christ died to set them free from the penalty of the sins they had committed under that first covenant. Now when someone leaves a will, it is necessary to prove that the person who made it is dead. The will goes into effect only after the person’s death. While the person who made it is still alive, the will cannot be put into effect. That is why even the first covenant was put into effect with the blood of an animal. For after Moses had read each of God’s commandments to all the people, he took the blood of calves and goats, along with water, and sprinkled both the book of God’s law and all the people, using hyssop branches and scarlet wool. Then he said, “This blood confirms the covenant God has made with you.” And in the same way, he sprinkled blood on the Tabernacle and on everything used for worship. In fact, according to the law of Moses, nearly everything was purified with blood. For without the shedding of blood, there is no forgiveness. That is why the Tabernacle and everything in it, which were copies of things in heaven, had to be purified by the blood of animals. But the real things in heaven had to be purified with far better sacrifices than the blood of animals. For Christ did not enter into a holy place made with human hands, which was only a copy of the true one in heaven. He entered into heaven itself to appear now before God on our behalf. And he did not enter heaven to offer himself again and again, like the high priest here on earth who enters the Most Holy Place year after year with the blood of an animal. If that had been necessary, Christ would have had to die again and again, ever since the world began. But now, once for all time, he has appeared at the end of the age to remove sin by his own death as a sacrifice And just as each person is destined to die once and after that comes judgment, so also Christ died once for all time as a sacrifice to take away the sins of many people. He will come again, not to deal with our sins, but to bring salvation to all who are eagerly waiting for him.



The Basic Layout of the Tabernacle

   The tabernacle consisted of a tent-like structure (the tabernacle proper) covered by rug-like coverings for a roof, and an external courtyard (150 feet by 75 feet). The whole compound was surrounded by a high fence about 7 feet in height. The fence was made of linen hangings held by pillars. The tent was divided into the Holy Place and the Holy of Holies. The tent was made of acacia wood boards overlaid with gold and fitted together to form the walls, measuring 45 by 15 feet. On top, four layers of curtains acted as a roof to shield the tabernacle from sun and rain: The innermost layer was woven with fine linen and embroidered with figures of cherubim (angels), the second layer was made of goat’s hair, the third layer was made of rams’ skins dyed red, and the outermost layer was made of porpoise or badger skins. The curtains were pinned to the ground with loops and clasps. The specific layout of the tabernacle and its courtyard is significant because it illustrates God’s prescribed way for man to approach Him.


   The whole compound was surrounded by a high fence with only one entrance. A person could not simply come from any direction into the tabernacle as he pleased — he had to enter through the one gate, which was always located to the east (so that people were facing west when they entered the tabernacle — a direct opposition to the pagan sun worshippers of the day who always faced east). Upon entering the gate, he encountered the brazen altar, where he was to present his animal offering, and then hand the reigns over to the priests, who make atonement and intercession for him in the tent.


   This setup informed the Israelites that they could only come to God in the way He prescribed. There was no other way. As we will see even more clearly in the following sections, God is using the Old Testament tabernacle to tell us that we, too, must come to Him only through the way He has provided for us — Jesus Christ


-- Diagrams of the Tabernacle and Basic Layout: www.the-tabernacle-place.com/tabernacle_articles/tabernacle_basic_layout.aspx.



Building the Ark of the Covenant


(1) Next Bezalel made the Ark of acacia wood—a sacred chest 45 inches long, 27 inches wide, and 27 inches high.


Exodus 25:10-20


Hebrews 9:4: In that room were a gold incense altar and a wooden chest called the Ark of the Covenant, which was covered with gold on all sides. Inside the Ark were a gold jar containing manna, Aaron’s staff that sprouted leaves, and the stone tablets of the covenant.


(2) He overlaid it inside and outside with pure gold, and he ran a molding of gold all around it.


(3) He cast four gold rings and attached them to its four feet, two rings on each side.


(4) Then he made poles from acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.


(5) He inserted the poles into the rings at the sides of the Ark to carry it.


(6) Then he made the Ark’s cover—the place of atonement—from pure gold. It was 45 inches long and 27 inches wide.


(7) He made two cherubim from hammered gold and placed them on the two ends of the atonement cover.


(8) He molded the cherubim on each end of the atonement cover, making it all of one piece of gold.


(9) The cherubim faced each other and looked down on the atonement cover. With their wings spread above it, they protected it.


Ark of the Covenant: A Temporary Means of Forgiveness: The Ark of the Covenant was more than just a special furnishing with supernatural powers -- It was also the Israelites' means of relating to God. The Ark of the Covenant could only be approached once a year by the high priest on "Yum Kippur"- the Jewish Day of Atonement. On this day, the high priest would enter the Holy of Holies with the blood of a sacrificed lamb. It was also only on this day that God's presence manifested between the two Cherubs. The high priest would sprinkle the blood of the sacrificed lamb on the Mercy Seat. Once received by God, the blood of the lamb atoned (covered) for the sins of the high priest and the entire nation of Israel. This ritual was performed continuously, year after year. The Ark of the Covenant played a key role in the forgiveness of sins.


Ark of the Covenant: Foreshadowing the Coming Messiah: At first glance, the blood sacrifices associated with the history of the Ark of the Covenant may seem somewhat disturbing. Slaughtering animals and offering their blood on an altar begs of the occult. It is important to note, however, that these sacrifices were not intended to appease the wrath of a bloodthirsty deity. God does not desire the blood and suffering of helpless lambs (Hebrews 10:8). The biblical text repeatedly shows that where there is sin, the unavoidable result is death. The sacrifice of the lamb points to the severity of sin. Sin must always be atoned (paid) for in order for God to be just (Hebrews 9:22). God's compassion enabled the sins of Israel to be transferred upon the lamb. More importantly, these sacrifices were foreshadowing a greater sacrifice yet to take place -- the sacrifice of the Jewish Messiah, Jesus Christ. God knew that these continual sacrifices would be insufficient to pay for the sins of Israel, much less the sins of all humanity. Therefore, God provided Jesus Christ as the ultimate sacrificial lamb, which became the greatest act of love in all history. A Roman cross became the ark on which Christ was sacrificed. The blood of Christ, once and for all, atoned for the wrongs of all who would accept Him as their Savior (John 3:16).


Ark of the Covenant: Replaced by God's New Covenant: The Ark of the Covenant disappeared from the Jewish Temple somewhere before or during the Babylonian invasion of Jerusalem in 586 BC. In anticipation of the Ark's disappearance, the prophet Jeremiah wrote: "And it shall come to pass, when ye be multiplied and increased in the land, in those days, saith the LORD, they shall say no more, The ark of the covenant of the LORD: neither shall it come to mind: neither shall they remember it; neither shall they visit it; neither shall that be done any more" (Jeremiah 3:16). Even before Jesus, Jeremiah's prophecy revealed that there would be no more need for the Ark of the Covenant in the future. God had a better covenant He would bring to pass -- the new covenant in His Son, Jesus Christ.


-- Ark of the Covenant: www.ark-of-the-covenant.com



History of the Ark:

   The Ark accompanied the Jews throughout their time in the desert, traveling with them and accompanying them to their wars with Emor and Midian. When the Jews crossed into the land of Canaan, the waters of the Jordan River miraculously split and the Ark led them through (Joshua 3). Throughout their conquest of the land, the Jews were accompanied by the Ark. The most dramatic demonstration of its power comes when the Jews breached the walls of Jericho merely by circling them, blowing horns and carrying the Ark (Joshua 6).


   After the conquest was completed, the Ark, and the entire Tabernacle, were set up in Shiloh (Joshua 18) . There they remained until the battles of the Jews with the Philistines during the Priesthood of Eli. The Jews, after suffering a defeat at the Philistines' hands, took the Ark from Shiloh to Even-Ezer in hopes of winning the next battle. But the Jews were routed, and the Ark was captured by the Philistines. Back in Shiloh, Eli, the High Priest, immediately died upon hearing the news (I Samuel 4).


   The Philistines took the Ark back to Ashdod, their capital city in the south of Canaan, where they placed it in the temple of their god Dagon. The next day, however, they found the idol fallen on its face. After replacing the statue, they found it the next day decapitated, with only its trunk remaining, and soon afterward, the entire city of Ashdod was struck with a plague. The Philistines moved the Ark to the city of Gath, and from there to Ekron, but whatever city the Ark was in, the inhabitants were struck with plague. After seven months, the Philistines decided to send the Ark back to the Israelites, and accompanied it with expensive gifts. The Ark was taken back to Beit Shemesh.


   From Beit Shemesh, the Ark was transported to Kiryat Yearim, where it remained for twenty years. From there, King David transported it to Jerusalem. En route, however, the oxen pulling it stumbled, and when Uzzah reached out to steady the Ark, he died immediately. As a result of this tragedy, David decided to leave the Ark at the home of Obed-edom the Gittite. Three months later, he moved it to Jerusalem, the seat of his kingdom, where it remained until the construction of the First Temple by David's son Solomon (I Sameul 5-6).


   The only remnant of the Ark in Jewish life today is the Ark in which Torah scrolls are kept in synagogues. These Arks often are decorated with copies of the Tablets, reminiscent of the contents of the actual Ark of ancient times. The Ark itself plays no role in Jewish life today. Nonetheless, it remains a potent symbol of the Jewish peoples' past, and of the messianic era many believe is waiting in the future.


-- The Lost Ark of the Covenant: www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Judaism/ark.html


   Of course, there is much speculation as to where the Ark might be today.



Building the Table - Exodus 25:23-29; 40:22


(10) Then Bezalel made the table of acacia wood, 36 inches long, 18 inches wide, and 27 inches high.


(11) He overlaid it with pure gold and ran a gold molding around the edge.


(12) He decorated it with a 3-inch border all around, and he ran a gold molding along the border.


(13) Then he cast four gold rings for the table and attached them at the four corners next to the four legs.


(14) The rings were attached near the border to hold the poles that were used to carry the table.


(15) He made these poles from acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.


(16) Then he made special containers of pure gold for the table—bowls, pans, jars, and pitchers—to be used in pouring out liquid offerings.



Building the Lampstand - Exodus 25:31-39


(17) Then Bezalel made the lampstand of pure, hammered gold. He made the entire lampstand and its decorations of one piece—the base, center stem, lamp cups, buds, and petals.


(18) The lampstand had six branches going out from the center stem, three on each side.


(19) Each of the six branches had three lamp cups shaped like almond blossoms, complete with buds and petals.


(20) The center stem of the lampstand was crafted with four lamp cups shaped like almond blossoms, complete with buds and petals.


(21) There was an almond bud beneath each pair of branches where the six branches extended from the center stem, all made of one piece.


(22) The almond buds and branches were all of one piece with the center stem, and they were hammered from pure gold.


(23) He also made seven lamps for the lampstand, lamp snuffers, and trays, all of pure gold.


(24) The entire lampstand, along with its accessories, was made from seventy-five pounds of pure gold.



Building the Incense Altar - Exodus 30:1-5


Revelation 8:3-4: Then another angel with a gold incense burner came and stood at the altar. And a great amount of incense was given to him to mix with the prayers of God’s people as an offering on the gold altar before the throne. The smoke of the incense, mixed with the prayers of God’s holy people, ascended up to God from the altar where the angel had poured them out.


Psalm 141:2: Accept my prayer as incense offered to you,
and my upraised hands as an evening offering.


(25) Then Bezalel made the incense altar of acacia wood. It was 18 inches square and 36 inches high, with horns at the corners carved from the same piece of wood as the altar itself.


(26) He overlaid the top, sides, and horns of the altar with pure gold, and he ran a gold molding around the entire altar.


(27) He made two gold rings and attached them on opposite sides of the altar below the gold molding to hold the carrying poles.


(28) He made the poles of acacia wood and overlaid them with gold.


(29) Then he made the sacred anointing oil and the fragrant incense, using the techniques of a skilled incense maker.


   All of those instruments are going to be used as part of a sacrificial system. This is to remind Israel that the only way they can enjoy the presence of God is through the penalty for sin being symbolically meted out over, and over and over again. The mercy seat simultaneously speaks of God’s nearness to His people, and the fact that they can have no communion with Him apart from the atoning blood of sacrifice. Those two things at the same time are spoken of in every instrument that’s made in this passage.



Exodus 38


Building the Altar of Burnt Offering - Exodus 27:1-8


(1) Next Bezalel used acacia wood to construct the square altar of burnt offering. It was 7½ feet wide, 7½ feet long, and 4½ feet high.


(2) He made *horns for each of its four corners so that the horns and altar were all one piece. He overlaid the altar with bronze.


*horns: The horns on the altar speak of strength - the ability of Jesus Christ to save.


(3) Then he made all the altar utensils of bronze—the ash buckets, shovels, basins, meat forks, and firepans.


(4) Next he made a bronze grating and installed it halfway down the side of the altar, under the ledge.


(5) He cast four rings and attached them to the corners of the bronze grating to hold the carrying poles.


(6) He made the poles from acacia wood and overlaid them with bronze.


(7) He inserted the poles through the rings on the sides of the altar. The altar was hollow and was made from planks.



   The altar was the place for burning animal sacrifices. It showed the Israelites that the first step for sinful man to approach a holy God was to be cleansed by the blood of an innocent creature. For a sin offering, a person had to bring an male animal without blemish or defect to the priest at the tabernacle gate. By laying his hand upon the head of the offering, the person was identifying with the sacrifice. His sin and guilt was being moved from himself to the animal. The priest would then slaughter the animal, sprinkle its blood in front of the veil of the Holy Place, burn the sacrifice, and pour the rest of it at the bottom of the altar. Blood is a significant agent of atonement (covering for sin) and cleansing in the Old Testament. Although the blood of the sacrifices covered over the sins of the Israelites, they had to perform the sacrifices year after year, for they were not freed permanently of a guilty conscience. However, Jesus Christ, the Lamb of God, came as the ultimate and last sacrifice for mankind when He offered up His life. As Isaiah prophesied, Christ would be like a lamb that is led to slaughter and pierced for our transgressions. His blood was sprinkled and poured out at the cross for us.

Leviticus 1:4: Lay your hand on the animal’s head, and the Lord will accept its death in your place to purify you, making you right with him.   

Leviticus 17:11: for the life of the body is in its blood. I have given you the blood on the altar to purify you, making you right with the Lord. It is the blood, given in exchange for a life, that makes purification possible.

Hebrews 9:22: In fact, according to the law of Moses, nearly everything was purified with blood. For without the shedding of blood, there is no forgiveness.

Mark 14:24: And he said to them, “This is my blood, which confirms the covenant between God and his people. It is poured out as a sacrifice for many.

1 Peter 1:18-19: For you know that God paid a ransom to save you from the empty life you inherited from your ancestors. And the ransom he paid was not mere gold or silver. It was the precious blood of Christ, the sinless, spotless Lamb of God.

Hebrews 9:13-14: Under the old system, the blood of goats and bulls and the ashes of a young cow could cleanse people’s bodies from ceremonial impurity. Just think how much more the blood of Christ will purify our consciences from sinful deeds so that we can worship the living God. For by the power of the eternal Spirit, Christ offered himself to God as a perfect sacrifice for our sins.

Hebrews 10:10, 14, 18: For God’s will was for us to be made holy by the sacrifice of the body of Jesus Christ, once for all time. For by that one offering he forever made perfect those who are being made holy. And when sins have been forgiven, there is no need to offer any more sacrifices.

2 Corinthians 5:21: For God made Christ, who never sinned, to be the offering for our sin, so that we could be made right with God through Christ.

John 6:53-56: I tell you the truth, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you have no life in you. Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day. For my flesh is real food and my blood is real drink. Whoever eats my flesh and drinks my blood remains in me, and I in him.


-- The Brazen Altar of the Tabernacle: www.the-tabernacle-place.com/tabernacle_articles/tabernacle_brazen_altar.aspx


Building the Washbasin - Exodus 30:18


(8) Bezalel made the bronze washbasin and its bronze stand from bronze mirrors donated by the women who *served at the entrance of the Tabernacle.


Ephesians 5:25-27: For husbands, this means love your wives, just as Christ loved the church. He gave up his life for her to make her holy and clean, washed by the cleansing of God’s word. He did this to present her to himself as a glorious church without a spot or wrinkle or any other blemish. Instead, she will be holy and without fault.


Hebrews 10:22: let us go right into the presence of God with sincere hearts fully trusting him. For our guilty consciences have been sprinkled with Christ’s blood to make us clean, and our bodies have been washed with pure water.


   The mirrors represent the Word of God - it is the Bible that shows the believer his need for cleansing. The washbasin was there for cleanings. We have the same thing in our bathrooms today. We have a mirror and beneath the mirror is a wash basin. The mirror does not wash the dirt off, and neither can the Law save you.



*served: The word for “served” is not the ordinary one. It means “to serve in a host,” especially in a war. It appears that women were organized into bands and served at the tent of meeting. This may have meant washing, cleaning, or repairing.

1 Samuel 2:22: Now Eli was very old, but he was aware of what his sons were doing to the people of Israel. He knew, for instance, that his sons were seducing the young women who assisted at the entrance of the Tabernacle.

Such were employed about the house of the high priest in Jesus' time; for a woman is actually represented as keeping the door of the palace of the high priest, John 18:1: Peter had to stay outside the gate. Then the disciple who knew the high priest spoke to the woman watching at the gate, and she let Peter in.


   Where are these women dwelling? Next to the doors of the tabernacle. Doesn’t it make you think of David’s statement in Psalm 84:10: I would rather be a gatekeeper in the house of my God than live the good life in the homes of the wicked.


Building the Courtyard - Exodus 27:9-19


(9) Then Bezalel made the courtyard, which was enclosed with curtains made of finely woven linen. On the south side the curtains were 150 feet long.


   The white linen fence shut out man from God and God from man.


(10) They were held up by twenty posts set securely in twenty bronze bases. He hung the curtains with silver hooks and rings.


   Brass is the metal of judgment. Silver is the metal of redemption.

Revelation 1:15: His feet were like polished bronze refined in a furnace, and his voice thundered like mighty ocean waves.


(11) He made a similar set of curtains for the north side—150 feet of curtains held up by twenty posts set securely in bronze bases. He hung the curtains with silver hooks and rings.


(12) The curtains on the west end of the courtyard were 75 feet long, hung with silver hooks and rings and supported by ten posts set into ten bases.


(13) The east end, the front, was also 75 feet long.


(14) The courtyard entrance was on the east end, flanked by two curtains. The curtain on the right side was 22½ feet long and was supported by three posts set into three bases.


(15) The curtain on the left side was also 22½ feet long and was supported by three posts set into three bases.


(16) All the curtains used in the courtyard were made of finely woven linen.


(17) Each post had a bronze base, and all the hooks and rings were silver. The tops of the posts of the courtyard were overlaid with silver, and the rings to hold up the curtains were made of silver.


(18) He made the curtain for the entrance to the courtyard of finely woven linen, and he decorated it with beautiful embroidery in blue, purple, and scarlet thread. It was 30 feet long, and its height was 7½ feet, just like the curtains of the courtyard walls.


(19) It was supported by four posts, each set securely in its own bronze base. The tops of the posts were overlaid with silver, and the hooks and rings were also made of silver.


(20) All the tent pegs used in the Tabernacle and courtyard were made of bronze.


Inventory of Materials


(21) This is an inventory of the materials used in building the Tabernacle of the Covenant. The Levites compiled the figures, as Moses directed, and Ithamar son of Aaron the priest served as recorder.


(22) Bezalel son of Uri, grandson of Hur, of the tribe of Judah, made everything just as the Lord had commanded Moses.


(23) He was assisted by Oholiab son of Ahisamach, of the tribe of Dan, a craftsman expert at engraving, designing, and embroidering with blue, purple, and scarlet thread on fine linen cloth.


(24) The people brought special offerings of gold totaling 2,193 pounds, as measured by the weight of the sanctuary shekel. This gold was used throughout the Tabernacle.


(25) The whole community of Israel gave 7,545 pounds of silver, as measured by the weight of the sanctuary shekel.


(26) This silver came from the tax collected from each man registered in the census. (The tax is one beka, which is half a shekel, based on the sanctuary shekel.) The tax was collected from 603,550 men who had reached their twentieth birthday.


(27) The hundred bases for the frames of the sanctuary walls and for the posts supporting the inner curtain required 7,500 pounds of silver, about 75 pounds for each base.


(28) The remaining 45 pounds of silver was used to make the hooks and rings and to overlay the tops of the posts.


(29) The people also brought as special offerings 5,310 pounds of bronze,


(30) which was used for casting the bases for the posts at the entrance to the Tabernacle, and for the bronze altar with its bronze grating and all the altar utensils.


(31) Bronze was also used to make the bases for the posts that supported the curtains around the courtyard, the bases for the curtain at the entrance of the courtyard, and all the tent pegs for the Tabernacle and the courtyard.


   The total weight in precious metals the Israelites carried out of Egypt was about 15,000 pounds!, or about 0.025 pounds for every adult male.


   It is easy to see in the New Testament that the tabernacle and its belongings were considered as typical. However, it is doubtful if many of those who worshipped at the door of the tabernacle saw beyond the sacrifice. The law and the tabernacle considered as a whole, foreshadowed good things to come (Hebrews 8:1-5 Hebrews 9:1-10; Hebrews 10:1):


  • The court was a type of the world (Exodus 27:9-18; Revelation 11:1,2);

  • The altar of burnt sacrifices was a type of the Cross of Christ (Exodus 40:29; John 12:32,33);

  • The laver was a type of Christ (Exodus 30:18-21; 1 John 1:7; 1 Peter 1:22);

  • The first veil or door was a type of the dividing line between the world and the Church (Exodus 26:36,27; John 3:5; Acts 2:38; 1 Corinthians 12:13);

  • The holy place was a type of the Church (Exodus 26:33; Hebrews 8:2);

  • The showbread was a type of Christ (Exodus 40:4; Leviticus 24:5-9; Matthew 28:20; John 6:48-63);

  • The candlestick was a type of Christ and the light of the gospel in the Church (Exodus 40:7; Leviticus 24:1,2; John 1:4-9; John 3:20,21; 2 Corinthians 4:4-6);

  • The altar of incense was a type of our worship (Exodus 30:1-10; Malachi 1:11; Revelation 8:3);

  • The second veil was a type of the dividing line between the Church and heaven (Exodus 26:39; Hebrews 10:19-21); the holy of holies was a type of heaven (Exodus 26:33; Hebrews 9:24);

  • The mercy seat was a type of our mercy seat which is in heaven (Exodus 25:10-22; 1 Timothy 2:5,6; Hebrews 4:14-16);

  • The light that filled the tabernacle was a type of the Holy Spirit who fills the Church (Exodus 40:33-38; 1 Corinthians 3:16,17).



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